We study the combined effects of separated parallel disks, birefringence and surface currents on the Casimir force and torque.
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The case of inhomogeneous dielectrics with planar boundaries thus falls outside the current understanding of the Casimir effect.« lessĬasimir effect and graphene: Tunability, scalability, Casimir rotor The alternative regularization yields a finite Casimir stress inside the inhomogeneous region, but the stress and force per unit volume diverge on the boundaries with the homogeneous dielectrics. An alternative regularization of the vacuum stress is considered that removes themore » contribution of the inhomogeneity over small distances, where macroscopic electromagnetism is invalid. A Casimir force per unit volume can be extracted from the infinite stress but it diverges on the boundaries between the inhomogeneous medium and the homogeneous dielectrics. The result for the Casimir stress is infinite everywhere inside the inhomogeneous region, a divergence that does not occur for piece-wise homogeneous dielectrics with planar boundaries. A permittivity function that depends continuously on one Cartesian coordinate is chosen, bounded on each side by homogeneous dielectrics. The Casimir effect in an inhomogeneous dielectric is investigated using Lifshitz's theory of electromagnetic vacuum energy. It has been found that the radiation amplitude on lower excited states is not necessarily large and radiation on specific excited levels is large.Ĭasimir stress in an inhomogeneous medium The dependencies of the radiating power on the number of layers and on the wavenumber of the lattice vibration are remarkable. In this case as well as a dynamical Casimir effect, it has been shown that the harmonics of a ground state are generated just by vibrating a photonic crystal even without an incident wave. In the present study, when an electromagnetic field between metal plates is in the ground state in a one-dimensional metal photonic crystal, the radiation of electromagnetic wave in excited states has been investigated by artificially introducing lattice vibration to the photonic crystal. The lattice-vibrating metal photonic crystal is exactly a system of dynamical Casimir effect connected in series, and so we can expect that a dynamical Casimir effect is enhanced by the photonic band effect. The dynamic Casimir effect within a vibrating metal photonic crystal Lastly, while these scalar methods are only exact in particular geometries, they may serve as an approximation for Casimir energies for the vector electromagnetic field in other geometries.« less We also evaluate the path integrals numerically via Monte Carlo path-averaging for these cases, studying the convergence and performance of the resulting computational techniques. We then show analytically that the path integrals for the transverse-electric polarization coupled to a dielectric medium converge to themore » proper solutions in certain special cases, including the Casimir-Polder potential of an atom near a planar interface, and the Casimir energy due to two planar interfaces. Starting from the field theory for electromagnetism, we work with the two decoupled polarizations in planar media and develop worldline path integrals, which represent the two polarizations separately, for computing both Casimir and Casimir-Polder potentials. The scalar model we consider may be applied in arbitrary geometries, and it corresponds exactly to one polarization of the electromagnetic field in planar layered media. Here, we present a worldline method for the calculation of Casimir energies for scalar fields coupled to magnetodielectric media.
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Worldline approach for numerical computation of electromagnetic Casimir energies: Scalar field coupled to magnetodielectric media We relate the results to a duality symmetry of electromagnetism. We calculate the Casimir force between two arbitrary perfect electromagnetic conductor plates, resulting in a universal analytic expression that connects the attractive Casimir force with the repulsive Boyer force. Based on the corresponding reciprocal Green’s tensor we construct the Green’s tensor for two perfectly reflecting plates with magnetoelectric coupling (non-reciprocal media) within the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. We discuss the Casimir effect for boundary conditions involving perfect electromagnetic conductors, which interpolate between perfect electric conductors and perfect magnetic conductors. Rode, Stefan Bennett, Robert Yoshi Buhmann, Stefan
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Casimir effect for perfect electromagnetic conductors (PEMCs): a sum rule for attractive/repulsive forces